The feasibility of convalescent plasma therapy in severe COVID-19 patients: a pilot study

Currently, there are no approved specific antiviral agents for 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). In this study, ten severe patients confirmed by real-time viral RNA test were enrolled prospectively. One dose of 200 mL convalescent plasma (CP) derived from recently recovered donors with the neutralizing antibody titers above 1:640 was transfused to the patients as an addition to maximal supportive care and antiviral agents. The primary endpoint was the safety of CP transfusion. The second endpoints were the improvement of clinical symptoms and laboratory parameters within 3 days after CP transfusion. The median time from onset of illness to CP transfusion was 16.5 days. After CP transfusion, the level of neutralizing antibody increased rapidly up to 1:640 in five cases, while that of the other four cases maintained at a high level (1:640). The clinical symptoms were significantly improved along with increase of oxyhemoglobin saturation within 3 days. Several parameters tended to improve as compared to pre-transfusion, including increased lymphocyte counts (0.65x109/L vs. 0.76x109/L) and decreased C-reactive protein (55.98 mg/L vs. 18.13 mg/L). Radiological examinations showed varying degrees of absorption of lung lesionswithin 7 days. The viral load was undetectable after transfusion in seven patients who had previous viremia. No severe adverse effects were observed. This study showed CP therapy was welltolerated and could potentially improve the clinical outcomes through neutralizing viremia in severe COVID-19 cases. The optimal dose and time point, as well as the clinical benefit of CP therapy, needs further investigation in larger well-controlled trials. Significance StatementCOVID-19 is currently a big threat to global health. However, no specific antiviral agents are available for its treatment. In this work, we explored the feasibility of convalescent plasma (CP) transfusion to rescue severe patients. The results from 10 severe adult cases showed that one dose (200 mL) of CP was welltolerated and could significantly increase or maintain the neutralizing antibodies at a high level, leading to disappearance of viremia in 7 days. Meanwhile, clinical symptoms and paraclinical criteria rapidly improved within 3 days. Radiological examination showed varying degrees of absorption of lung lesions within 7 days. These results indicate that CP can serve as a promising rescue option for severe COVID-19 while the randomized trial is warranted.

Analysis of alcohol drinking among school-aged children in Beijing in 2015 / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To analyze the phenomenon of alcohol drinking among school-aged children in Beijing, and to provide a reference for making measures for possible preventive interventions.@*Methods@#Data were from the Beijing Students’ Nutrition and Health Surveillance among 3 776 school-aged children in Beijing in 2015. Prevalence, frequency and pattern of drinking, daily consumption of alcoholic drinks, as well as influencing factors were described.@*Results@#Drinking was found in 11.2% of school-aged children, the drinking differences of students of different genders, grades, areas were of statistical significance(χ2=8.49, 126.91, 18.36, P<0.01), and the average age of the 423 drinking students was (10.5±1.6)years old. 290 children reported alcohol drinking once or twice in the past 1 week, accounting for 68.6% of the drinking children. 93 children reported drinking for three to six times, accounting for 22.0%, 40 students reported drinking for more than 7 times. Blending wine(58.2%) ranked as the most preferred, followed by beer(33.3%).Drinking was more likely reported among school-aged children who were boys, in higher grade, living in suburbs of Beijing, while children whose parents were more likely to drink in the past month, or from family with lower income and lower education level were also more likely to drink(P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Drinking among school-aged children in Beijing in the past 1 is common, but their drinking amount per day was relatively low. Drinking was influenced by age, gender, living place, family and other factors. It is recommended that non-alcoholic intervention should be carried out as soon as possible for them.

A critically ill mother with COVID-19 in late pregnancy: a case report / 中华围产医学杂志

We report a critically ill pregnant woman in the third trimester with severe pneumonia due to COVID-19 who presented to Xiaolan People's Hospital of Zhongshan in February 2020. The 32-year-old patient was admitted at 35 +2 gestational weeks with a 4-day history of a sore throat and a fever for three hours. The patient had been to Xiaogan City, Hubei Province, and the symptoms occurred during a period of self-isolation after back home. The condition of the patient deteriorated rapidly, with left-sided chest and back pain, shortness of breath, dizziness, progressing to respiratory failure and septic shock 7 hours after her admission. In view of her critical condition and a history of two previous cesarean sections, an emergency cesarean section was performed. Blood gas analysis of the mother before the operation suggested respiratory failure, respiratory acidosis, and metabolic acidosis. During the operation, a baby boy was born. The Apgar score of the boy, birth weight of 2 700 g, was one at 1, 5, and 10 minutes despite the resuscitation efforts. The neonate died after withdrawing treatment. The patient was treated with tracheal intubation ventilator and other supportive treatments after the operation. The result of the new coronavirus nucleic acid test, taken on admission, but which was reported after delivery, was positive. The patient was transferred to the designated hospital for further treatment and was recovering with the withdrawal of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and ventilation at 26 and 36 days after surgery, respectively.

Death of a neonate born to a critically ill mother with COVID-19: a case report / 中华围产医学杂志

We report a critically ill pregnant woman in the third trimester with severe pneumonia due to COVID-19 who presented to Xiaolan People's Hospital of Zhongshan in February 2020. The 32-year-old patient was admitted at 35 +2 gestational weeks with a 4-day history of a sore throat and a fever for three hours. The patient had been to Xiaogan City, Hubei Province, and the symptoms occurred during a period of self-isolation after back home. The condition of the patient deteriorated rapidly, with left-sided chest and back pain, shortness of breath, dizziness, progressing to respiratory failure and septic shock 7 hours after her admission. In view of her critical condition and a history of two previous cesarean sections, an emergency cesarean section was performed. Blood gas analysis of the mother before the operation suggested respiratory failure, respiratory acidosis, and metabolic acidosis. During the operation, a baby boy was born. The Apgar score of the boy, birth weight of 2 700 g, was one at 1, 5 and 10 minutes despite the resuscitation efforts. The neonate died after withdrawing treatment. The patient was treated with tracheal intubation ventilator and other supportive treatments after the operation. The result of the new coronavirus nucleic acid test, taken on admission, but which was reported after delivery, was positive. The patient was transferred to the designated hospital for further treatment and was recovering with the withdrawal of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and ventilation support at 26 and 36 days after surgery, respectively.

Relationship of mean retinal sensitivity with vision-related quality of life in patients with idiopathic macular hole / 中华实验眼科杂志

Objective To evaluate the relationship of retinal sensitivity (MS) with vision-related quality of life in patients with idiopathic macular hole (IMH).Methods A prospective cohort study was performed in this study.Thirty-one monocular IMH patients were enrolled in Beijing Tongren Hospital from May to September of 2017.Vision-related quality of life (VR-QoL) was analyzed in 31 patients with National Eye Institute 25-Item Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25) (Chinese version),and MS in the affected eye and the fellow eye in these patients was detected by Microperimeter-3.MS and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) between the affected eye and the fellow eye were compared.The correlations among BCVA,age,MS,minimum macular hole diameter,composite scores and subscales score were evatuateds.This study protocol was approved by Ethic Committee of Beijing Tongren Hospital.This study complied with Declaration of Helsinki.Results There were significant correlations between composite scores and MS in the affected eye and the fellow eye (affected eye:ρ=0.484,P=0.006;fellow eye:ρ=0.387,P =0.031).Significante correlations were shown in near activities (affected eye:ρ =-0.353,P =0.048;fellow eye:ρ =0.352,P =0.048) and distance activities (affected eye:ρ =0.496,P =0.004;fellow eye:ρ =0.415,P =0.015).No obvious correlations were shown between VR-QoL and BCVA or minimum hole diameter.The correlation between composite scores and the MS in the affected eye was the most strong.Conclusions MS can reflect the retinal function in patients of IMH more widely.The correlations VR-QoL and MS is correlated in the affected eye and fellow eye in patients of monocular IMH,however,patient's VR-QoL dependes more on the affected eye.IMH can violate the patient's near and distance activities.

Metamorphopsia change and influence factors before and after idiopathic epiretinal membrane surgery / 中华实验眼科杂志

Objective To investigate the changes of metamorphopsia between before and after surgery in the patients with idiopathic epiretinal membrane and its influence factors.Methods A series cases observitional study included 39 eyes of 39 patients with idiopathic epiretinal membrane.Follow-up was carried out at 1 week before surgery and 3,6 months after surgery respectively.M-chart was used to quantify the severity of metamorphopsia (M-score).EDTRS visual chart was used to quantify best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) (converted to LogMAR).Central subfield thickness (CST),central foveal volumn (CV),cube average thickness (CAT),central foveal thichness (CFT),ganglion cell layer (GCL) thickness,inner nuclear layer (INL) thickness,outer nuclear layer (ONL) and outer plexiform layer (OPL) thickness,the integrity of external limiting membrane,ellipsoid zone and interdigitation zone were analyzed by using spectral domain-optical coherence tomography (OCT).This study protocol was approved by Ethic Committee of Beijing Tongren Hospital (No.TRECKY-012).Written informed consent was obtained from each subject before surgery.Results Mean M-score was significantly decreased from 0.8 (0.3,1.1) before surgery to 0.5 (0.2,0.8) at 3 months after surgery,with a significant difference between the two time points (Z=-2.013,P=0.044).Mean M-score was 0.6(0.2,0.8) at 6 months after surgery,which was not significantly different in comparison with before surgery and 3 months after surgery (Z =-1.873,P =0.061;Z =-0.288,P =0.773).Compared with before surgery,the horizontal M-score was significantly decreased 3 months and 6 months after surgery (Z =-2.329,P =0.020;Z =-2.858,P =0.004).No significant difference was found in vertical M-score among before surgery and 3,6 months after surgery (all at P＞0.05).The BCVA was improved from 0.40 (0.30,0.66) before surgery to 0.20 (0.06,0.42) 3 months after surgery and declined to 0.30 (0.10,0.52) at 6 months after surgery,and significant differences were obtained between 3 months after surgery and before surgery or 6 months after surgery (Z =-4.087,P＜0.001;Z =-2.235,P =0.025).Compared with before surgery,the BCVA in cataract combined with vitrectomy operative group was significantly improved in 3 months and 6 months after surgery (Z=-2.613,P=0.009;Z=-2.466,P=0.014) and the BCVA in only vitrectomy group was significantly improved at 3 months after surgery but decreased 6 months after surgery,showing significant differences between 3 months after surgery and before surgery or 6 months after surgery (Z =-3.104,P =0.002;Z =-3.464,P =0.001).Preoperative M-score was positively correlated with preoperative BCVA,preoperative CST or preoperative CFT (rs =0.384,P =0.016;rs =0.585,P＜0.001;rs =0.601,P＜0.001).No correlation was found between BCVA with GCL,INL or ONL + OPL thickness.Horizontal M-score was positively correlated with CST,postoperative CV and postoperative CAT (rs=0.322,P=0.045;rs=0.340,P=0.034;rs =0.336,P=0.036),and no correlation was found between horizontal M-score and BCVA,CFT,GCL thickness,INL thickness,ONL+OPL thickness in 6 months after surgery.The vertical M-score and mean M-score were not correlated with OCT parameters in 6 months after surgery.The mean M-score was positively correlated with preoperative mean M-score,preoperative CST,preoperative CV,preoperative CAT in 6 months after surgery (rs =0.589,P＜0.001;rs =0.330,P =0.040;rs =0.404,P =0.011;rs =0.410,P =0.009).In addition,and no significant correlation between mean M-score and preoperative BCVA,CFT,GCL thickness,INL thickness,ONL+OPL thickness.Multivariate stepwise linear regression showed that preoperative M-score was a predictor of postoperative M-values (adjusted R2 =0.211,P =0.002).Conclusions Most metamorphopsia can be alleviated after idiopathic epiretinal membrane surgery.The residue metamorphopsia after surgery probably is correlated with preoperative metamorphopsia and CFT.

Correlation of mismatch repair protein expression and microsatellite instability with TNM staging in colorectal cancer / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective To investigate the relationship between mismatch repair (MMR) protein expression and microsatellite instability (MSI) and tumor TNM staging in colorectal cancer. Methods The clinical data of 1351 patients who underwent radical resection of colorectal cancer at the Xijing Digestive Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University from January 2008 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The MMR and MSI status in patients with different gender, age and TNM staging were analyzed. Results Of the 1351 specimens, 291 (22％) didn't express MMR protein. Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in the deletion rates of MSH2, MSH6 and PMS2 between patients ≥60 years old and<60 years old (all P<0.05);there were significant differences in the deletion rates of MSH2 between stage T3 and the other stages (P<0.05); the deletion rates of MLH1, PMS2 among different N stages, and the deletion rates of MSH2 and MSH6 between stage N0 or N1 and the other N stages were significantly different (all P< 0.05); the deletion rates of PMS2 among different M stages were significantly different (P< 0.05). There were significant differences in PMS2 deletion rates among different TNM stages and MLH1, MSH2 and MSH6 deletion rates between stage Ⅱ or Ⅲ and the other stages (all P< 0.05). There was significant difference in MSI positive rates between patients ≥60 years old and<60 years old (P<0.05); there were significant differences in MSI positive rates between stage T3 or T4 and the other T stages, among different N or M stages, and between TNM stage Ⅱ, ⅢorⅣand the other TNM stages (all P<0.05). Conclusions The MMR protein expression and MSI in colorectal cancer patients are closely related to tumor TNM staging. Detection of MMR protein expression and MSI in colorectal cancer patients has certain reference value for judging TNM staging of colorectal cancer. To a certain extent, it can guide the diagnosis and treatment of patients with colorectal cancer and judge the prognosis.

Thinking of Integrating Humanistic Education into Surgery Teaching for Clinical Medical Students / 中国医学伦理学

The surgeons must not lack humanistic spirit,and the cultivation of their humanistic qualities needs to be started from medical students and take the infiltration of surgery teaching as the path.In the teaching of clini-cal surgery,it should change educational concept,set the course rationally,and enhance the practice education,so as to help medical students to sense and understand humanistic spirit,establish the concept of care and promote the humanistic qualities.

Effect of HPV-16 LCR internal meCpG site demethylation on HPV positive head and neck tumor cells / 中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of HPV-16 LCR internal meCpG site demethylation on HPV positive head and neck tumor cells. METHODS After 5-azoxy-2-deoxycytidine(5-Aza-2'-dc) demethylation treatment, the methylation status of CpG sites in the long regulatory region of UM-SCC47, CaSki and SiHa tumor cells was detected by BSP assay. The expression of HPV 16 E6 and E7 mRNA was detected by real-time PCR. The effects of 5-Aza-2'-dc on cell growth and apoptosis were detected. Using Lipolnfectamine RNAiMAX to transfect siRNA, the expression of E6 and E7 was silenced, and then the changes of biological state of cell proliferate inhibition, apoptosis and cycle were detected. RESULTS Cells treated with 5-Aza-2, -dc at a concentration of 0.5 μmol/L for 96 h had the best demethylation. After demethylation of 5-Aza-2'-dc, the expression levels of E6 and E7 mRNA in UM-SCC47 cells and CaSki cells were significantly decreased compared with the control group(t=1.356, 2.623, P=0.031, 0.005; t=1.798, 2.015, P=0.011, 0.009). The expression levels of E6 and E7 mRNA in SiHa cells were not significantly differences compared with the control group(t=1.591, 1.153, P=1.105, 0.753); After treated with 5-Aza-2'-dc, cells proliferation were significantly inhibited. After E6 and E7 expression was silenced, the growth of all three kinds of cells was inhibited. The apoptosis of all three kinds of cells were significantly increased, cells arrested in S phase and G2/M phase were significantly increased compared with the control groups, the difference were statistically significant. CONCLUSION After demethylation, the response of HPV-16 positive tumor cells with different methylation status in the long regulatory region is completely different, indicating that in the HPV-16 positive tumors, there may be some information about the methylation status in the long regulatory region Different tumor characteristics and mechanism of cancer.

Predictive value of random spot albuminuria to creatinine ratio in women with hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancy / 实用医学杂志

Objective To determine the random spot albuminuria to creatinine ratio (ACR) of normal pregnant women , to track the pregnancy outcome , and to discuss the predictive value of ACR in women with hy-pertensive disorders complicating pregnancy (HDCP). Methods Except for 87 pregnant women suffering from HDCP, 2 038 pregnant women were enrolled in this study. ACR, routine examinations of blood and urine, blood biochemical, 24-hr urinary protein were determined. Results ACR, but not 24-hr urinary protein level,was sig-nificantly higher in women with HDCP. There was positive correlation between the ACR and 24-hr urinary protein quantitation. Age, gestational weeks, ACR, red blood cells, fasting plasma glucose, serum creatinine, total pro-tein were the independent risk factors for HDCP. The sensitivity , specificity and optimal cut off value of ACR for predicting HDCP were 0.78, 0.63, 1.46 mg/mmol. Conclusions There was positive correlation between ACR and 24-hr urinary protein quantitation , and ACR provided a more sensitive pathway for early predictionof HDCP.

CT and MR imaging findings of acinic cell carcinoma in salivary gland / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To explore the CT and MR imaging findings of acinic cell carcinoma (ACC)in salivary gland and enhance the diagnosis of this rare disease.Methods The CT and MR imaging characteristics of 20 patients (7 males and 13 females,median age 44 years old) with pathologically proved ACC were retrospectively reviewed.CT and MR images were evaluated in relation to the following: location,size,morphology,margin,CT density/MR signal intensity and enhancement pattern.Results Twelve lesions were located in parotid gland,two lesions in maxillary Sinus,and one lesion in submandibular,parapharyngeal,infratemporal fossa,buccal,nasal cavity,and hard palate respectively.The size of lesions were 0.7～5.8 cm.Sixteen lesions less than 3 cm in size demonstrated round or oval round masses with well defined margin.Four lesions more than 3 cm in size demonstrated irregular masses with unclear margin.Among them,bony destruction of the wall of the maxillary sinus was noted in 3 cases,and the preauricular skin was invaded in 1 case.The densities (signal intensity) were homogeneous in 6 cases and heterogeneous in 14 cases.Lesions were slightly low density in 11 case and isodensity in 3 cases on CT plain scan.Lesions were homogeneous isointense in 2 cases and heterogeneous isointense in 4 cases on T1WI,heterogeneous hyperintense in all cases on T2WI.On post contrast images,lesions demonstrated remarkable enhancement in 14 cases,moderate enhancement in 2 cases and mild enhancement in 3 cases.Conclusions The imaging characteristic of ACC were nonspecific.CT and MR could accurately detect the extent of tumor involvement and was helpful to provide more comprehensive information for the strategy of clinic therapy.

Application of endoscopy combined with 125I seed implantation in the pancreatic cancer surgery in elderly patients / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To observe the application of endoscopy combined with 125I seed implantation in the pancreatic cancer palliative surgery in elderly patients.Methods A total of 78 elderly patients with pancreatic cancer who can not be treated with radical operation were divided into observation group and control group (n=39 each group).All patients were treated with stent intervention.Patients in the ation group were treated with 125I seed implantation guided by CT or ultrasonangraphy additionally.The clinical symptoms were compared between groups.The survival time and complications of the patients were recorded during the follow-up.Results The clinical symptoms of patients in both two groups were greatly improved (x2 =0.06,P＞0.05).Compared with the control group,the pain remission was better and the incidence of pain caused by pancreatic cancer was lower in the observation group (46.2％ vs.76.9％,x2 =7.80,P＜0.05).There was a significant difference in the average of survival time between the observation group and control group [(13.7±3.4) months vs.(8.4±3.8) months,t=3.73,P＜0.01],but no statistical difference was found in the long-term survival rate between groups.There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups (10.3％ vs.7.7％,x2=0.15,P＞0.05).Conclusions Endoscopy combined with 125Ⅰ seed implantation is an effective treatment for elderly patients with advanced pancreatic cancer,which can effectively relieve the clinical symptoms,proiong the survival time,reduce the pain and complications.

Analysis of CT findings of submandibular gland benign and malignant lesions / 中华放射学杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the characteristic CT features of benign and malignant submandibular gland lesions.Methods CT scans of 75 cases of submandibular gland lesions verified pathologically after surgery were analyzed retrospectively,including 38 cases of pleomorphic adenoma,22 cases of malignant tumors,11 cases of chronic submaxillaritis,2 cases of myoepithelioma,1 case of neurilemoma and 1 case of hemangioma.Results ( 1 ) All 38 cases of submandibular gland pleomorphic adenoma only occupied a part of submandibnlar gland.Thirty five lesions were on the edge of submandibular gland.The edge of 33 lesions were smooth and the density of 30 lesions were even.Thirty three lesions were slightly or moderately enhanced and 10 lesions showed “target sign” on enhanced CT.( 2 ) There were 22 cases of submandibular gland malignant tumors.Three lesions of lymphoma located at the edge of submandibular gland with smooth edge and even density,and showed mild to moderate enhancement.The remaining 19 lesions showed rough edge and uneven density.Eighteen of the 19 lesions showed ill-defined boundary,2 of the 18 lesions invaded most of submandibular gland and 16 of the 18 lesions invaded the whole submandibular gland.Seventeen lesions were unevenly enhanced,thickened,cirvilinear vessels were seen in 12 of the 17 lesions.Nine cases were accompanied with swollen lymph nodes ( minor diameter greater than 1.0 cm) in neck.(3)There were 11 cases of chronic submaxillaritis,which showed enlargement of the whole submandibular gland with relative smooth edge and relative clear boundary.Most of lesions were moderately and evenly enhanced.Six cases were companied with submandibular duct lithiasis and dilatation.All of 11 cases were accompanied with lymph node enlargement in neck.(4) Two cases of myoepithelioma demonstrated irregular ring enhancement on CT;one case of neurilemoma showed obvious cystic changes and slight enhancement on the edge;1 case of hemangioma showed multiple phleboliths and prolonged contrast enhancement.ConclusionsMost of submandibular gland benign and malignant lesions show some degree of characteristic CT findings.It is relatively difficult to discriminate between lymphoma and submandibular gland pleomorphic adenoma.

Peritumoral Diffusion Tensor Imaging of High Grade Astrocytoma and Metastasis / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To study the value and clinical significance of diffusion tensor imaging(DTI)in differentiating high-grade astrocytomas and solitary metastatic tumors of brain.Methods 16 patients with intracranial solitary metastasis and 25 patients with high-grade astrocytoma confirmed pathologically were examined with MR DTI.Mean diffusivity(MD)and fractional anisotropy(FA)were measured in the regions of interest(ROI)of peritumor and cerebral parenchyma of the normal side on DTL Fiber tractography was reconstructed and the encountered patterns of tumor-related alteration to cerebral white matter were observed.Results The peritumor were all depicted as hyperintense or isointense signals on DTI.The FA values were 0.227±0.05 and 0.169±0.07 in the peritumor of high-grade astrocytoma and metastasis respectively,which was of significant difference(P＜0.05).Furthermore,fiber tractography could display the course of white matter tracts in three-dimensional space.Conclusion DTI may be help to differential diagnosis of solitary metastasis and high-grade astrocytoma in clinical practice.

Construction and identification of eukaryotic plasmid pGC-silencer-U6/Neo/GFP/ABCG2 / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To construct three short hairpin RNA (shRNA) interference expression plasmid vectors of human ABCG2 gene, to assay the expression of ABCG2 in a human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cell line, CEN-2 cell line, and to detect the RNAi effect of shRNA.@*METHOD@#Targeting ABCG2 gene sequence, three plasmid expression vectors coding for shRNA and a control vector containing random DNA fragment were constructed. The recombinant plasmids were amplified in Ecoli. DH5 and then identified by restriction digestion, PCR and sequencing. The recombinant plasmids were transfected into CEN-2 cells. ABCG2 expression was assayed by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot.@*RESULT@#The construction of pGC-silencer-U6/Neo/GFP/ABCG2 was succeed. The shRNA plasmids significantly down-regulated the ABCG2 expression in CEN-2 cells, at both mRNA level and protein level. Recombinant plasmid 1 had the strongest effect compared with plasmids 2 and 3 (P < 0.05), with an inhibition ratio of 75% at the mRNA level and 68% at the protein level.@*CONCLUSION@#pGC-silencer-U6/Neo/GFP/ABCG2 has been successfully constructed and it can down-regulate ABCG2 expression after transfected into CEN-2 cells, which could help further studies of ABCG2 functions CEN-2 cell line and contribute to the NPC gene therapy.

Up-regulation of Wnt5A in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#Wnt5A contributes to the inflammatory activation of mononuclear cells and tissue remodeling. Hence we compared Wnt5A expression between chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients with and without nasal polyps (NPs), analyzed its possible role in the pathogenesis of CRS.@*METHOD@#The expression of Wnt5A and of pLRP6 were compared between controls, CRSwNP and CRSsNP by means of western blotting and immunohistochemistry.@*RESULT@#The expression of Wnt5A is significantly increased in CRSwNP compared with controls and CRSsNP (P < 0.01) and the positive staining for Wnt5A was mainly observed in the inflammatory cells and epithelial cells. There was down-regulation of pLRP6 in CRSwNP compared with controls.@*CONCLUSION@#Wnt5A may be involved in the pathogenesis of CRSwNP.

CT features of small thyroid carcinoma / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To study the CT findings of small thyroid carcinoma. Methods The CT findings of 40 patients with histology-proven small thyroid carcinoma (diameter, 1.0 to 2. 0 cm) were retrospectively reviewed. Results (1)The single lesion was detected in 38 cases and two lesions in bilateral thyroid in 2 cases. Two cases were combined with contralateral nodular goiter and I case with contralateral thyroid adenoma. ( 2 ) Eight lesions showed smooth edge and complete envelope. Thirty-four lesions demonstrated foggy edge and incomplete envelope,but they didn't invade the surrounding soft tissues and important organs. ( 3 ) The density of all lesions were homogeneous or comparatively homogeneous without obvious hemorrhage or necrosis area on non-enhanced CT. Thirty lesions showed varied shape calcifications,with granular calcifications in 20 lesions being the most common. Irregular nodular,eggshell-like or mulberrylike calcifications were also detected. (4)Forty-one lesions showed marked enhancement on post-contrast CT and the amplitude of enhanced CT value was greater than 40 HU(range,90 to 140 HU). Thirty-eight lesions exhibited homogeneous enhancement, and other 3 lesions showed marked enhancement center with a ring-like low density edge and manifested as a characteristic damascene-like appearance. (5)Enlarged cervical lymph nodes were found in 24 cases ( 60. 0% ), which displayed solid, cystic-solid or cystic appearances on nonenhanced CT. They showed markedly homogeneous,irregular ring or wall-node enhancement on post-contrast CT. In 8 cases there were granular, nodular or eggshell-like calcifications within the enlarged lymph nodes.Conclusion A solid thyroid nodule with granular calcification, incomplete envelope and marked enhancement, companied with enlarged lymph nodes with calcification, cystic degeneration and obviously enhanced solid part are the relatively characteristic CT features of small thyroid carcinoma.

Effect of resveratrol on the proliferation and invasion of human pancreatic cancer PANC-1 cells / 中华消化外科杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of resveratrol on the proliferation and invasion of human pancreatic cancer PANC-1 cells. Methods Five groups including blank control group, 0. 1% dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) group and resveratrol groups (50, 100, 200 μmol/L) were established. The proliferation of PANC-1 cells was detected by MTT assay. The apoptosis and cell cycle change were analyzed by flow cytometry. The invasive ability of PANC-1 cells was observed with a Transwell cell culture chamber. The expressions of Bax, Bcl-2,matrix metalloproteinases 2 (MMP-2) and 9 (MMP-9) of the PANC-1 cells were assayed by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot. All data were analyzed using the analysis of variance. Results ( 1 ) The inhibition rate of resveratrol on the proliferation of PANC-1 cells was 0 in the blank control group, 3.25% ±0.42% in the 0. 1% DMSO group, 13.23% ± 1.68% in the 50 μmol/L of resveratrol group, 42.25% ± 3.20% in the 100 μmol/L of resveratrol group, and 56.94% ±5.31% in the 200 μmol/L of resveratrol group. There was a significant difference in the inhibition rate among the five groups (F=460. 10, P<0.05). (2) The apoptosis rate was 0.05% ±0.03% in the blank control group, 3.39% ± 1.77% in the 0. 1% DMSO group, 6.92% ± 1.85% in the 50 μmol/L of resveratrol group, 19.05% ± 2.01% in the 100 μmol/L of resveratrol group, and 27. 17% ±6.43% in the 200 μmol/L of resveratrol group. There was a significant difference in the apoptosis rate among the five groups (F = 38.84, P < 0.05). (3) There was no significant effect of 0. 1% DMSO on the cell cycle of PANC-1 cells. The number of PANC-1 cells in the G0/G1 and S phase was increased. (4) The average number of invading PANC-1 cells was 61 ± 13 in the blank control group, 54 ± 13 in the 0. 1% DMSO group, 48 ± 15 in the 50 μmol/L of resveratrol group, 23 ±6 in the 100 μ mol/L of resveratrol group and 18 ±7 in the 200 μmol/L of resveratrol group. There was a significant difference in the number of invading PANC-1 cells among the five groups (F = 69.08, P < 0.05 ). (5) There were up-regulated mRNA and protein expressions of Bax and down-regulated mRNA and protein expressions of Bcl-2, and the expressions of MMP-2 and MMP-9 of the PANC-1 cells were inhibited in the resveratrol groups. The changes of the protein expressions of Bax, Bcl-2, MMP-2, MMP-9 were consistent with the changes of the mRNA expressions of the four indexes. Conclusion Resveratrol can significantly inhibit the proliferation and invasion, as well as induce apoptosis of PANC-1 cells in vitro.

Dysregulation of E-cadherin in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

E-cadherin is a key epithelial protein and adhesive molecule. This study detected the E-cadherin expression in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and controls, and analyzed its possible role in the pathogenesis of CRSwNP. The expression of E-cadherin was detected by using Western blotting and immunohistochemistry in controls and patients with CRSwNP. Computed tomography (CT) scan findings were scored. The results showed that the E-cadherin expression was up-regulated in patients with CRSwNP as compared with controls (P=0.039) and the positive staining was predominantly localized on the epithelial cell membrane. E-cadherin level was correlated negatively with Lund-Mackay scores in patients with CRSwNP (r=-0.604, P=0.005). It is suggested that E-cadherin may be involved in the pathogenesis of CRSwNP and correlated with disease severity.

Fibrous dysplasia involving sphenoid and occipital bone: one case report and literature review / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the clinical manifestation, radiograph features, pathology, diagnosis and treatment of fibrous dysplasia in cranial bone.@*METHOD@#A case of fibrous dysplasia involving sphenoid and occipital is reported and literature were reviewed.@*RESULT@#The most common complaint were headache, proptosis, diplopia, or visual changes. Distinguishing features of fibrous dysplasia on CT include "ground-glass" appearance, bone fiber anisotrophy, aneurysmal bone cyst formation and thickness of the cranial cortices. Fibrous dysplasia could be exactly diagnosed by pathology. Computed tomography was also a choice for diagnosis.@*CONCLUSION@#Fibrous dysplasia involving the cranial bone can present in myriad ways. Modern imaging modalities and histopathologic analysis is required to make accurate diagnosis. Surgery, particularly in a challenging region such as sphenoid and occipital bone, should preserve the existing function for the patients with functional impairment or a cosmetic deformity.